2014 — Enterovirus infection, ICD-10 code B34.1, death rate 0.010, no state >9 deaths– 31

–31  CDC Wonder. Compressed Mortality File 1999-2016, released June 2017.

 

Age Group      Deaths         Death Rates per 1000,000 Population

<1             12                      0.304           (Yellow highlighting denotes higher than avg.)

1-4               6                      0.038

5-9               2                      0.010

10-14               4                      0.019

20-24               2                      0.009

25-34               2                      0.005

75-84              2                      0.015

85+             1                      0.016

Total  31                      0.010 average death rate per 100,000 population

 

Narrative Information

 

Enterovirus: “Infections with enteroviruses are common in the United States during summer and fall. During that time in 2014, the United States experienced a nationwide outbreak of EV-D68 associated with severe respiratory illness. A total of 1,153 cases were confirmed in 49 states and the District of Columbia. Almost all confirmed cases were among children, many whom had asthma or a history of wheezing. CDC can’t predict whether EV-D68 will be a common type of enterovirus to cause sickness in future seasons because a mix of different enterovirus types circulates every year, and different types can be common in different years. But so far EV-D68 cases in years since 2014 have been reported more sporadically, which is considered typical….

 

“Mild symptoms of enterovirus infection may include fever, runny nose, sneezing, cough, and body and muscle aches.

 

“Children with asthma are particularly at risk for severe symptoms from enterovirus infection.

 

“There is no specific treatment for enterovirus infections.

 

“The most important thing you can do to stay healthy is wash hands often with soap and water for 20 seconds….

 

Avoid touching eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands.

 

“Avoid close contact, such as kissing, hugging, and sharing cups or eating utensils, with people who are sick.

 

“Cover your coughs and sneezes with a tissue or shirt sleeve, not your hands.

 

“Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces, such as toys and doorknobs, especially if someone is sick.

 

“Stay home when you are sick and keep sick children out of school.” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Enteroviruses. 9-12-2017.)

 

Enterovirus D68: “Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is one of more than 100 non-polio enteroviruses. This virus was first identified in California in 1962…

“Small numbers of EV-D68 have been reported regularly to CDC since 1987. However, during 2014 the number of people reported with confirmed EV-D68 infection was much greater than that reported in previous years. We can’t predict whether EV-D68 will be a common type of enterovirus detected this year or in future seasons. That’s because a mix of enteroviruses circulates every year, and different types of enteroviruses can be common in different years….

 

“In summer and fall 2014, the United States experienced a nationwide outbreak of EV-D68 associated with severe respiratory illness. From mid-August 2014 to January 15, 2015, CDC or state public health laboratories confirmed a total of 1,153 people in 49 states and the District of Columbia with respiratory illness caused by EV-D68. Almost all of the confirmed cases were among children, many whom had asthma or a history of wheezing. Additionally, there were likely many thousands of mild EV-D68 infections for which people did not seek medical treatment and/or get tested. This was the first documented nationwide outbreak of EV-D68. EV-D68 cases in years since 2014 have been reported more sporadically, which is considered typical. CDC received about 2,600 specimens for enterovirus testing during 2014, which was substantially more than usual. About 36% of those tested positive for EV-D68. About 33% tested positive for an enterovirus or rhinovirus other than EV-D68…

 

“Enteroviruses are ever-present in the community. We can’t predict whether EV-D68 will be a common type of enterovirus detected this year or in other future seasons. A mix of enteroviruses circulates every year, and different types of enteroviruses can be common in different years. Each year we expect to detect cases, but the number of cases identified in the U.S. varies from year to year. As in previous years, CDC will continue to work with states to test specimens for enteroviruses to determine virus type, support the identification and investigation of outbreaks, and monitor seasonal activity….

 

“Since EV-D68 causes respiratory illness, the virus can be found in an infected person’s respiratory secretions, such as saliva, nasal mucus, or sputum. EV-D68 likely spreads from person to person when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or touches a surface that is then touched by others…

 

“In general, infants, children, and teenagers are most likely to get infected with enteroviruses and become ill. That’s because they do not yet have immunity (protection) from previous exposures to these viruses. We believe this is also true for EV-D68. Adults can get infected with enteroviruses, but they are more likely to have no symptoms or mild symptoms…

 

“EV-D68 can only be diagnosed by doing specific lab tests on specimens from a person’s nose and throat, or blood. Many hospitals and some doctor’s offices can test ill patients to see if they have enterovirus infection. However, most cannot do specific testing to determine the type of enterovirus, like EV-D68. CDC and some state health departments can do this sort of testing using a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) lab test, which allows testing and reporting of results within a few days of receiving specimens. Health departments may contact CDC for further enterovirus typing….” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Enterovirus D68. 10-9-2018 update.)

 

Sources

 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Compressed Mortality File 1999-2016 on CDC WONDER Online Database, released June 2017. ICD 10 Code B34.1, Enterovirus infection (2015). Accessed 11-4-2018 at: https://wonder.cdc.gov

 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Enteroviruses. 9-12-2017. Accessed 11-4-2018 at:

https://www.cdc.gov/dotw/enteroviruses/index.html

 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Enterovirus D68. 10-9-2018 update. Accessed 11-4-2018 at: https://www.cdc.gov/non-polio-enterovirus/about/ev-d68.html )